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寸步
-漢文의 文理를 깨치기 위한 基礎-
도정 권상호
1. 文과 字
2. 成分
主要 成分 - 主語, 敍述語, 目的語, 客語, 補語
從屬 成分 - 修飾語(冠形語, 副詞語)
연습) 日出(주술) 年少 鳥飛 月明 人和 百花爭發
植樹(술목) 造林 耕田 立國 分業 作業 聞一知十 溫故知新
登山(술객) 登校 歸國 生心
盛年不重來 一日難再晨 及時當勉勵 歲月不待人(陶潛 ‘雜詩’)
有效(술보) - 有~ 無~ 多~ 少~ 難~ 易~ 非~ 不~ (뒤에 형용사)
爲~ 化~ (뒤에 동사)
* 보어를 거느리는 서술어는 이상의 10자뿐이다.
有識 無情 有名 無責任 有口無言 不動 爲歡 化合
大雪(수식- 관형어+체언) 明月 東山 竹林
共鳴(수식- 부사어+용언) 自然 綠化 徐來
上下(대립- 상대자) 東西 內外 前後
正直(유사- 유사자) 種子 身體 庭園
風雲(대등- 대등자) 見聞 忠孝 風雲
3. 虛辭의 용법
(1) 前置詞
① 於, 于, 乎(~에, ~에서, ~부터, ~보다): 出於東方. 志于學. 浴乎江.
② 自, 從(~부터): 自故鄕來. 飮食從口入.
③ 以(~으로써): 以刀殺人.
(2) 接續詞
① 而(그리고, 그러나): 忠而信. 有患而不憂.
② 與(~와): 富與貴.
③ 且(~도 또): 重且大.
④ 則(~면): 立則孝.
(3) 終結詞
① 단정(也. 矣. 焉. 耳. 已. 而已.): 金春秋新羅之王也
② 의문(乎? 哉? 與? 邪?): 有朋自遠方來不亦樂乎
③ 감탄(哉! 乎! 矣! 夫!):
4. 한자의 3요소 - 形. 音. 義.
5. 한자의 부수 - 변, 방, 머리, 발, 엄호, 받침, 애운담
6. 한자의 획 - 점, 치킴, 가로획, 세로획, 갈고리(왼갈고리, 오른갈고리, 평갈고리, 굽은갈고리), 오른꺾음, 왼꺾음, 삐침, 파임, 받침, 지게다리, 누운지게다리, 새가슴
7. 한자의 필순 - 三 , 川, 十, 小, 火, 中, 女, 文, 代, 起題, 道
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